Waste and Marine Litter
Waste and litter are a significant issue, impacting ecosystems, economies and societies.
A baseline study of macro, meso and micro litter in the Belize River basin, from catchment to coast
The mismanagement of waste and subsequent presence of litter in the
environment is an increasingly significant problem. Globally, rivers
have been shown to be a major pathway for mismanaged waste. We
investigated the distribution of macro, meso and micro litter along the
Belize river basin. The North-East Atlantic OSPAR beach litter
monitoring protocol was adapted for Belize, taking into account local
issues such as mangroves and Sargassum sp. accumulations.
On average, 77.3% of litter items consisted of plastic, and the most common items categories were unidentifiable plastic pieces (0–2.5 and 2.5–50 cm), broken glass, and metal bottle caps. The study indicated that there is an increase in the litter load as you move from catchment to coast, with both Plastic Pieces (PP) and Fishing Related (FR) items also increasing in numbers down the system.
Additionally, microplastics abundance was determined in riverine sediments and in the riverine fish Cichlasoma synspilum (n = 22). All sediment samples contained microplastics, with a concentration of 200–6500 particles per kg dry sediment. Microplastics were found to be present in 36% of the riverine fish. The data from this study will provide evidence for the formation of Belizean legislation to reduce marine litter.
On average, 77.3% of litter items consisted of plastic, and the most common items categories were unidentifiable plastic pieces (0–2.5 and 2.5–50 cm), broken glass, and metal bottle caps. The study indicated that there is an increase in the litter load as you move from catchment to coast, with both Plastic Pieces (PP) and Fishing Related (FR) items also increasing in numbers down the system.
Additionally, microplastics abundance was determined in riverine sediments and in the riverine fish Cichlasoma synspilum (n = 22). All sediment samples contained microplastics, with a concentration of 200–6500 particles per kg dry sediment. Microplastics were found to be present in 36% of the riverine fish. The data from this study will provide evidence for the formation of Belizean legislation to reduce marine litter.
Year of publication: 2022
Publisher: ICES Journal of Marine Science
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